The authors integrated isotope-aided with N modelling to quantify the (dis)connection of different flow paths and related biogeochemical transformations, which is important for land and water management. Hydrological connectivity controls N transformations by regulating soil moisture and available NO3-N for processing from upstream inflows. 

The authors used stable water isotopes, hydrochemistry and eDNA in a novel, integrated tracer-approach to show how ecohydrological interactions and biodiversity in urban aquaNBS are influenced by urban water sources and connectivity. The direct linkages between hydrology and microbial patterns are highlighted, illustrating the sensitivity of aquaNBS to anthropogenic and climate influences.

The presented dataset from Lake Stechlin covers basic water-chemical and physical records taken at monthly to fortnightly intervals from 1970 to 2020, documenting limnological changes during that period. Furthermore, it serves as a valuable basis to assess and project potential consequences of climate change and other types of environmental change on deep clearwater lakes in temperate climates.