The authors conducted a systematic mapping of the published literature (1908–2021) to provide a global synthesis of the effects of inland navigation on the biotic and abiotic components of freshwater ecosystems. Inland navigation impacts rivers through shipping, infrastructure, and waterway management, causing direct (e.g., waves) and indirect effects (habitat loss, invasions). 

The field study compared sediment characteristics as well as multitrophic diversity and function in two vertical layers of migrating ripples and stationary patches in sandy lowland streams. It indicates that migrating bedforms create streambed heterogeneity by modulating the abundance, diversity, and structure of different trophic guilds of microbial communities and their resource acquisition.

The authors add a new perspective to the topic of "recreational use of wild animals". The hypothesis is that an emotionally intense interaction between hunters / anglers and wild animals can create a particularly strong sense of responsibility, described as "environmental stewardship". This in turn would be an incentive for many to commit to lifelong environmental and species protection action.